Cap Rate Calculator

Calculate capitalization rate for investment properties. Includes NOI from expenses, property valuation by cap rate, cash-on-cash return, DSCR, and GRM.

Cap Rate
Gross Rent Multiplier
Implied Monthly Rent (NOI/12)
Extended More scenarios, charts & detailed breakdown
Cap Rate
Gross Rent Multiplier
Professional Full parameters & maximum detail

Income & Cap Rate

Net Operating Income
Cap Rate
Gross Rent Multiplier

Cash Flow & Returns

Annual Cash Flow (after debt)
Cash-on-Cash Return

Risk Metrics

Debt Service Coverage Ratio
Price Per Unit

How to Use This Calculator

  1. Enter the property price and annual NOI to instantly get the cap rate.
  2. Use the From Expenses tab to build NOI from gross rent minus vacancy and operating expenses.
  3. Use the Property Valuation tab to find what a property is worth at a target cap rate.
  4. The Professional tier gives full analysis: CoC return, DSCR, price per unit, and GRM.

Formula

Cap Rate = NOI ÷ Property Price
NOI = Effective Gross Income − Operating Expenses
Cash-on-Cash = Annual Cash Flow ÷ Total Cash Invested
DSCR = NOI ÷ Annual Debt Service

Example

Example: Property Price $300,000, Annual Gross Rent $36,000, Vacancy 5%, Expenses $8,500. Effective Income = $34,200, NOI = $25,700, Cap Rate = 8.57%. With $18,000 mortgage: Cash Flow = $7,700, CoC = 12.8% on $60,000 down.

Frequently Asked Questions

  • Cap Rate = NOI ÷ Property Price. It measures a property's income-generating potential independent of financing. A higher cap rate means more income relative to price (and usually more risk).
  • It depends on the market. In prime urban markets, 4–5% is common. In secondary markets, 6–8% is typical. Higher-risk areas may see 8–10%+. Compare to similar properties in the same market rather than using a universal benchmark.
  • Cap rate ignores financing (uses total property value). Cash-on-cash return uses actual cash invested (down payment) and actual cash flow after mortgage payments. Cap rate is a property metric; CoC is an investor return metric.
  • GRM = Property Price ÷ Annual Gross Rent. It's a quick valuation screen (lower is better for buyers). A GRM of 8 means you'd pay 8 years of gross rent to buy the property. It's faster than cap rate but ignores expenses.
  • DSCR = NOI ÷ Annual Debt Service. Lenders typically require DSCR ≥ 1.25. A DSCR of 1.0 means NOI exactly covers the mortgage; below 1.0 means the property can't service the debt from income alone.

Related Calculators

Sources & References (5)
  1. National Association of Realtors — Commercial Real Estate Data — National Association of Realtors
  2. IRS Publication 527 — Residential Rental Property — Internal Revenue Service
  3. Federal Reserve — Commercial Real Estate Conditions — Federal Reserve
  4. IRS Publication 946 — How to Depreciate Property — Internal Revenue Service
  5. CFPB — Commercial Real Estate Financing Overview — Consumer Financial Protection Bureau